{"id":3007,"date":"2023-10-28T19:44:20","date_gmt":"2023-10-28T19:44:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/?page_id=3007"},"modified":"2023-10-29T19:16:19","modified_gmt":"2023-10-29T19:16:19","slug":"aristeus-alcocki","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/aristeus-alcocki\/","title":{"rendered":"ARISTEUS ALCOCKI"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3007\" class=\"elementor elementor-3007\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-r9tygu3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"r9tygu3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fd69444\" data-id=\"fd69444\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abcc2f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"abcc2f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 20-09-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ARISTEUS ALCOCKI<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8fp9mmk elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8fp9mmk\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ebbf9c\" data-id=\"2ebbf9c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe195c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fe195c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Name of fishery Red ring trawl fishery   Priority-1 species<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5f497e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e5f497e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 20-09-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Target species Aristeus alcocki<br \/>Location INDIA-South west coast (Kollam) <br \/>Fishing Area FAO51<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f21xuk8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f21xuk8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2126f92\" data-id=\"2126f92\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43a347a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"43a347a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fishery history: (How long has the fishery been in operation? Describe changes in the fishery over time)<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8f9f49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d8f9f49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Researchers identified the prospects of a deep sea shrimp resources during the 1985 -1990s.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e54541 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e54541\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Exploitory surveys conducted by FORV Sagar Sampada have given enough evidence of deep sea shrimp stocks. However active fishery started during 1999\/2000 period. Kerala Govt. actively gave encouragement to the deep sea fishery by giving subsidized fuel for the operation. During 2000-2010 more fleets were interested in this fishery. Initial landing recorded massive quantities of red ring and other deep sea shrimps. But however landings showed a negative growth after 2010 to current year. Most of the fleet was from Tamil Nadu registration but operating along the Sakthikulangara harbor.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df66183 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"df66183\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><i>Aristeus alcocki<\/i>\u00a0commonly known as red ring was auctioned and marketed separately and showed a good demand because of its large size and good appearance. However currently this fishery showed a declining growth.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-377c356 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"377c356\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d929152 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d929152\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 20-09-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"332\" src=\"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image5.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3024\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image5.png 600w, https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image5-300x166.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-41e6089 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"41e6089\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-38cce9e\" data-id=\"38cce9e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-922077d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"922077d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stock biology : Stock size, structure, biomass, status, trends in population abundance, life cycle, growth, reproduction, schooling behavior, etc. <\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cb8465 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3cb8465\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe fishery and biology of Aristeus alcocki (Bate, 1888) from Sakthikulangara fishing harbour was studied for the period 2007-2016. The average annual catch was 1842 t, forming 22% of the total deepsea shrimp landing at Sakthikulangara. November to January was the most productive period in terms of catch and catch rate.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-586b69c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"586b69c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFemales were sorted out and auctioned separately due to its large size, whereas males which are comparatively smaller in size were auctioned along with the other deep sea shrimps. Males having a size range of TL: 65-110 mm, W: 2.0-6.5 g and females TL: 85-200 mm, W: 2.5-26.0 g ranging from 85-200 mm. Only females were branded as red ring and have a market rate of 250 to 300 per Kg. \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dcd18a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5dcd18a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>According to the fisherman these red ring catches were avilabile from \u201ckuzhi\u201d in deep sea regions which means large pits. In these pits these shrimps are available in large quantities probably indication of schooling behavior.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-52bb572 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"52bb572\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-daac9fc\" data-id=\"daac9fc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-859c041 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"859c041\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Data on target species population:  What sort of stock assessment information exists for this fishery??? Is there a stock assessment? Is there catch per unit effort data? Landings data? Monitoring of biological indices?For how many years are data available? Who collects, manages, and stores the data? How are data collected?<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-817486c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"817486c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The growth parameters L\u221e\u00a0and Kannual\u00a0for males and females were 192 mm, 0.56 and 207 mm, 0.51 respectively. The growth performance index (\u03c6\u2019) and t0\u00a0were 4.315, -0.0023 and 4.340, -0.0024 for males and females, respectively with a longevity of 5-6 years.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-867dccc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"867dccc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The length at recruitment (Lr) and length at 50% capture (Lc50) was 63, 156.7 mm (males) and 68, 154.9 mm (females), respectively which corresponded to an age (tc) of 2.2-2.5 years. The natural mortality, fishing mortality, total mortality, exploitation ratio, exploitation rate and Emax\u00a0were 0.86, 1.22, 2.08, 0.59, 0.51, 1.00 and 0.78, 2.36, 3.14, 0.75, 0.72, 1.00 for males and females, respectively.\u00a0 The rate of exploitation for\u00a0<i>A.alcocki<\/i>\u00a0was found to be lower than the\u00a0<i>E<\/i><i>max<\/i>\u00a0which indicates the sustainable utilization of the resource.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09e7521 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"09e7521\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Catch\u00a0 per unit effort data , landing data was available with CMFRI\u00a0 FRAD division. Biological data were analyzed and recorded at Crustacean Fisheries Division CMFRI. Samples are collected fortnightly from Sakthikulangara harbor.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ae911de elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ae911de\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b349800\" data-id=\"b349800\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8736393 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8736393\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fishing Activities : Methods, gear, size\/sex\/season fished<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02057d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"02057d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The gear used for this fishery is bottom trawl nets. The mouth opening is achieved by otter boards. Bottom trawls were operated at a depth of more than 350 m, usually the nets were operated day and night. The nets were hauled 2-3 times per day, having a hauling speed of 2 knots for a period of 2-3 hrs. Catch quantities may vary but an average of 2-4 tons was landed from each trawl, the catch composition includes deep sea fin fishes,\u00a0 red ring, deep sea prawns and lobsters.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-171f2c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"171f2c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Deep sea fishery of red ring is seasonal in nature and starts from September to May having a peak period during November to January.\u00a0 The depth range is 200 m to 400 m. In monsoon period fishery may come to a suspension due to monsoon trawl ban and high seas which makes this venture at high risk.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eec9480 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"eec9480\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a190029 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a190029\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"299\" src=\"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image8.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-3055\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image8.png 600w, https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image8-300x150.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a9aa6e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a9aa6e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c3f904b\" data-id=\"c3f904b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3027b30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3027b30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>On an average each vessel lands 2-4 tons of deep sea shrimps but red ring quantity may vary from 0.5-1.2 tons per landings.\u00a0 Average duration for the voyage at Sakthikulangara fishing harbor is 5-7 days and at times it may extend till 10 days.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-383509d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"383509d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3485195\" data-id=\"3485195\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fcad2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7fcad2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ecosystem Impacts: Describe how the fishery interacts with the ecosystem; including gear interactions (e.g. habitat disturbance), species interactions (e.g. bycatch, endangered species, and effects on the food web), etc. include what is found in literature as well as the local perception of the impacts<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d5c9cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d5c9cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The environmental damage caused by bottom trawling can be substantial and irreversible, and trawling operations have \u2018effects on the sea bottom that resemble forest clear-cutting, a terrestrial disturbance recognized as a major threat to biological diversity and economic sustainability.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b9122f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5b9122f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trawl nets are designed to catch economically valuable target species such as shrimps and are operated from mechanized boats called trawlers. As a mobile non-selective fishing gear, the bottom trawl net collects every organism in its path and the incidental capture of non-target species \u2013 by-catch \u2013 has become a major concern allied to trawling. The term \u2018discarded catch\u2019 or \u2018discards\u2019 denotes the portion of the catch which is returned to the sea and the term \u2018by-catch\u2019 means the incidental catch (retained catch) of non-target species plus the discarded catch. Intensive fishing activities, besides being detrimental to marine biodiversity, have started affecting the complex ecological processes of the oceans.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d8b761 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0d8b761\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The problem of discarding and by-catch has attracted substantial attention among researchers in the last three decades due to reports on the deleterious impact they have on the marine ecosystem, coupled with documented presence of a colossal amount of biodiversity in the by-catch, particularly eggs and young ones of commercially valuable species and endangered species such as sea turtles.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3318561 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3318561\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nevertheless, trawling is considered as the most important source of human-induced physical disturbance on the seafloor throughout the world. Bottom-trawl nets can plow deep furrows in the seafloor, remove rock and coral, stir up sediments that smoother benthic organisms, and smooth out natural topography, thus resulting in the reduction of structural heterogeneity \u2013 an important factor contributing to the abundance of biodiversity at the sea bottom. A single passage of beam trawl has been reported to kill 5\u201365% of the resident fauna and mix the top few centimeters of sediment.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfa578d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bfa578d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trawling activities may affect sediment community function, carbon mineralization and biogeochemical fluxes. The dragging of trawl nets may decrease dissolved oxygen, which may be due to the mixing of reduced products such as methane and hydrogen sulphide or the resuspended bacteria attached to sediments exerting an increase in oxygen demand in the water column. Formation of sediment clouds in the sea bottom may affect natural balance between physico-chemical parameters in the ocean, further depleting the availability of oxygen. Trawling was also found to flush out nutrients and contaminants, and there are possibilities of rise in lethal gases such as ammonia, methane and hydrogen sulphide, affecting the life of organisms in water. Increased temperature and nitrates and decrease in dissolved oxygen, organic matter and organic carbon due to the churning action of the trawl net on the sea bottom were noticed in Kerala coast.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9392b6e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9392b6e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Organisms inhabiting the soft sediments, particularly the biogenic structure-forming creatures creating mounds, tubes and burrows, develop much of their habitat\u2019s structure and play a critical role in many population, community and ecosystem processes. Intensive trawling has been recorded to decrease the density and abundance of sea grasses, polychaetes, molluscs and echinoderms. Depletion of polychaete fauna due to trawl fishing was observed in Kerala coast, India. Excessive trawling has also resulted in decline in the proportion of larger size groups of commercial species of shrimps in the Indian coast.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-acaa12d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"acaa12d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A variety of techniques have been developed in many parts of the world to improve the species selectivity and size selectivity of trawl nets and to reduce the by-catch levels, particularly aimed at bringing down the mortality of juveniles and young ones of commercially important species. One of the major issues associated with trawling is incidental capture of endangered sea turtles in the trawl net. Devices developed to eliminate sea turtle by-catch and reduce the non-target species and other unwanted catch in shrimp trawling are collectively known as by-catch reduction devices (BRDs) and those meant for excluding turtles are called turtle excluder devices (TEDs). In India, CIFT has developed indigenous square-type window attachment, radial-type escapement device, fish eye, grid with guiding funnel and escape opening, etc. to reduce by-catch of undersized shrimp and fish\u00a0 in trawl nets.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39e7a8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"39e7a8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Some times, climatic aberrations affect coastal communities by causing cyclones, coastal erosion, and loss of mandays at sea and also has an impact on the availability of fish resources by affecting their abundance and distribution patterns.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d91aa30 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d91aa30\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-46637f6\" data-id=\"46637f6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b514b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1b514b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Threats to Sustainability: Describe any additional threats to the sustainability of this fishery (e.g. outsider encroachment, coastal development, etc.). is there anything being done to address these threats?  <\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ace755 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ace755\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Not much threat<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cddf54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2cddf54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fishers : Describe the group of fishers. Are they women or men? How many are there? How are they organized? To what extent do fishers profit from fishing? Are profits used to provide community infrastructure?<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81f58e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"81f58e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Only men are involved as active fishermen but women also show their involvement as secondary (peeling shrimp in the harbor area and selling it for the domestic market) and territory fisher folks in the processing and peeling plants finally exporting the product.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-becd2f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"becd2f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Management Agencies: Describe the roles that institutions, agencies, or local management bodies play in the management system and their interactions with each other<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b74cd5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b74cd5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>CMFRI devotes its research attention towards the estimations of fisheries landings, fishing effort and, taxonomy of deepsea shrimps.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1f56bfd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1f56bfd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-680f829\" data-id=\"680f829\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cef8e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3cef8e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Management regime:  Describe how the fishery is managed. Include information for both national and local levels about rules, regulations, closed areas\/seasons, quotas, limited entry\/licenses, conflict resolution, adaptability, coping strategy\/mitigation, etc. how often do managers review rules and regulations? How would changes in the political regime affect management?<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-edc5c77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"edc5c77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>MLS\u00a0 is in place (13 TL)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d98ae21 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d98ae21\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Regular Monsoon Ban is oberverd during June 15th\u00a0to July\u00a0 31st. Apart from this, because of rough seas fishermen willnot be able to venture into deeper waters till the middle or end of September .<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-01bc909 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"01bc909\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2bf4213\" data-id=\"2bf4213\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49ac1ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"49ac1ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Management compliance: Do fishers comply with the management regime? How do managers ensure compliance? Are regulations actively enforced? Do fishers comply with international regulations for species conservation?<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0ef13c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b0ef13c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tYes, fishers will comply if any management regime is enforced.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d88ce0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d88ce0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOnly one regulation fishermen follow now is monsoon ban. But at times market driven management options were also followed.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6964b12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6964b12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t Example: If by going less deeper waters if they get lot of squid and cuttle fish which fetches better price than the deepsea shrimp, then fishermen avoid  venturing into deepsea.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a7161b5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a7161b5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-319e6ac\" data-id=\"319e6ac\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57252b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"57252b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Community participation in management: Describe how the community set its own rules and regulations? How does this happen? Are they active in the governmental management system?<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db995f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db995f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Not involved<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ccb412 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ccb412\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In Kollam region deepsea fishery is not governed by the community. However in Tuticorin region it is governed by a single community which limits the number of boats.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-13611fc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"13611fc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f1bad72\" data-id=\"f1bad72\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-430afb4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"430afb4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Processing and marketing Information: Once the product is landed, what happens to it? What is the chain from fishhook to consumer? Include how the product is processed and sold, and who processes and sells it. Where are the main markets for the fishery? Please also describe any buyers data that are available (e.g quantity sold or exported, overall value); who collects manages, and stores the data; how the data are collected; and the number of years for which data are available<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da21e2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"da21e2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>85% of the resources have ended up in overseas markets as dried, frozen and individually quick frozen (IQF) products.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d46f00 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d46f00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Export market : European union especially Spain<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1532a15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1532a15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>12X400 trays in one container\u00a0 total 2000 trays<\/p><p>Exported as PUD (peiled and undeveined , 4200 tray\u00a0 on each container )<\/p><p>Exported along with squids and cuttle fish\u00a0<\/p><p>Exported as ready to cook products marketed in oversees supermarkets and hotels<\/p><p>Export rate 8 USD\/packet.<\/p><p>Container cost: 1750-2000 USD<\/p><p>Purchase count: 140-150 gm<\/p><p>Cost of production Rs. 50\/Kg<\/p><p>Inspection scenario<\/p><p>500 gm from each 500 Kg was randomly taken and inspected for microbiological aspects<\/p><p>Area of raw material: Kollam\u00a0<\/p><p>Rate at which company purchase from fishermen: 200\/Kg<\/p><p>Peeling loss\u00a0 \u00a0 58%<\/p><p>Freezing lose\u00a0\u00a03%<\/p><p>Export: On an average 6-7 Container\/year<\/p><p>Export history : During 2015,\u00a0 5 containers and 7 containers in 2014 were exported.\u00a0<\/p><p>Maximum shelf life 2 years<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73f1ce2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"73f1ce2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ca540c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5ca540c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"92\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/M01-92x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3114\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/M01-92x1024.jpg 92w, https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/M01-27x300.jpg 27w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 92px) 100vw, 92px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1fafd7e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1fafd7e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e175ba9\" data-id=\"e175ba9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b21168 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b21168\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A diagrammatic representation\u00a0<\/p><p>Boat owner \u2013 auctioner\/middile man \u2013private parties mainly peeling shed owners- processing companies \u2013export markets.<\/p><p>\u00a0Boat owner \u2013 auctioneer\/middle man- individuals\/women \u2013local market<\/p><p>Operational costs<\/p><p>Each trip costs an amount of Rs 2,000,00-2,50,000 as operational charges out of this fuel charge cost more, In early days deep sea vessels were using a subsidized fuels from govt. but currently Government completely withdraws the policy which makes fuel charges at a high end.<\/p><p>Average Profit margin is 1-2 lakh of which 65% goes to boat owner and 35% to crew.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3b7c487 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3b7c487\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-92182b6\" data-id=\"92182b6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-743c7bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"743c7bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Interest in certification: Describe the fishery\u2019s interest in certification. Are they interested? Why or why not?<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a373713 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a373713\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>At present they did not show any interest in certification but it will be possible only when the demand comes from the buyer.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a98fab2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a98fab2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1044ac3\" data-id=\"1044ac3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b94cba0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b94cba0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stakeholders: who are the key stakeholders in this fishery (e.g. fishing organizations, processors, agents, buyers, researchers, NGOs, fisheries\/natural resources management bodies, local authorities, etc.)? how many people are involved in the fishery (including fishers, processors, sellers, boat and gear manufacturers, managers, scientists, etc.)? what percentage of the human population within the coastal community depends on the fishery for their food or livelihood?<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1086a77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1086a77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fishermen, processors, agents, buyers, researchers.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b662a53 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b662a53\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ec5a5e1\" data-id=\"ec5a5e1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46f8503 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"46f8503\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Issues requiring special attention: Describe any local, regional or global controversies and\/ or conservation concerns that impact or involve the fishery. <\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46863dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"46863dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nil<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-221049a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"221049a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-443307d\" data-id=\"443307d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50a8426 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"50a8426\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Additional comments:  Include any additional information about this fishery or important to working with this fishery)<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8299472 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8299472\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Overall view\u00a0<\/b><\/p><p>Gear : \u00a0 Bottom trawl\u00a0<\/p><p>Mouth opening : otter boards<\/p><p>Area of operation :\u00a0 south of Kollam mainly 8- 9 latitude &amp; 75-76 longitude<\/p><p>Depth : 200- 350 m or more\u00a0<\/p><p>Gear size : codend 24-26mm<\/p><p>Head rope length : 40-60 m<\/p><p>Hauling speed : 2 knots<\/p><p>No .of hauls per day : 2-3\u00a0<\/p><p>Towing duration : 2 -3 hrs.<\/p><p>Catch \/trawl : 250- 300 Kg\u00a0<\/p><p>Vessel length : 60-90 m<\/p><p>Operational cost: 2-2.5 Lakhs<\/p><p>Profit margin:\u00a0 1-2 Lakhs<\/p><p>Voyage days: usually 5-7 days and at times gets extended to 10 days<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-442e6b2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"442e6b2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e13b53e\" data-id=\"e13b53e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d94b2af elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d94b2af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">References<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-235bd83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"235bd83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Suseelan, C\u00a0(1989)\u00a0<i>Taxonomic notes on a potentially commercial deep-sea prawn from the southwest coast of India.<\/i>\u00a0Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 31 (1&amp;2). pp. 54-58.<\/p><p>Kurup, B.M., Radhika Rajasree and S. Venu. 2008. Distribution of deep-sea prawns off Kerala. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. India., 50 (2):122-126.<\/p><p>Venkataraman, K. and Wafar, M., Coastal and marine biodiversity of India. Indian J. Mar. Sci., 2005, 34, 57\u201375.<\/p><p>Rajan, K.N., Nandakumar, G., Chellappan, K., 2001. Innovative exploitation of deepsea crustaceans along the Kerala coast. Mar. Fish. Inf. Serv. 168, 1\u201311.<\/p><p>Suseelan, C\u00a0and\u00a0Nandakumar, G\u00a0and\u00a0Rajan, K N\u00a0(1990)\u00a0\u00a0In:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/eprints.cmfri.org.in\/5200\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><i>Results of bottom trawling by FORV Sagar Sampada with special reference to catch and abundance of edible crustaceans.<\/i><\/a>\u00a0Proceedings of the first workshop on scientific results of FORV Sagar Sampada, 5-7 June 1989, Kochi.<\/p><p>Radhika, R. and B. M. Kurup. 2005. Fishery and biology of deep-sea prawns landed at the fishing harbours of Kerala. Fish. Tech., 42(2): 141-148.<\/p><p>Mohamed, K.H and C. Suseelan. 1973. Deep-sea prawn resources off the South-West Coast of India. Proc. Symp. Living Resources of the Seas around India, CMFRI., India, pp. 614-633.<\/p><p>Kurian, C.V. 1965. Deep water prawns and lobsters off the Kerala coast . Fish.Tech., 2(1):51-53.<\/p><p>Oommen, P. V. 1980. Results of the exploratory fishery of Quilon Bank and Gulf of Mannar. IFP Bulletin No. 4, 53 pp.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ARISTEUS ALCOCKI Name of fishery Red ring trawl fishery Priority-1 species Target species Aristeus alcockiLocation INDIA-South west coast (Kollam) Fishing Area FAO51 Fishery history: (How long has the fishery been in operation? Describe changes in the fishery over time) Researchers identified the prospects of a deep sea shrimp resources during the 1985 -1990s.\u00a0 Exploitory surveys &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/aristeus-alcocki\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">ARISTEUS ALCOCKI<\/span> Read More \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3007","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3007","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3007"}],"version-history":[{"count":109,"href":"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3007\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3138,"href":"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3007\/revisions\/3138"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ssni.co.in\/Sustainability\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}